A common example of deposition is ‘rain out’: compounds that are soluble in water can be removed from the atmosphere by precipitation. This phenomenon is responsible for acid rain. The most abundant CFCs emitted into the troposphere are CFC 11 and CFC 12.
- 1 What are the effects of CFCs?
- 2 What are the uses of CFCs?
- 3 How does CFC cause ozone depletion?
- 4 Does depletion of ozone layer cause acid rain?
- 5 Is carbon dioxide a greenhouse gas?
- 6 How does CFC affect the environment?
- 7 What are the sources and effects of CFCs?
- 8 What’s a CFC?
- 9 How do CFCs affect ozone production quizlet?
- 10 Is CFC gas flammable?
- 11 Why were CFCs created?
- 12 What are 3 causes of acid rain?
- 13 Why CFCs are used in refrigerators?
- 14 Where does acid rain occur?
- 15 What is the main cause of acid rain?
- 16 Why are CFCs not decomposed by UV radiation in the troposphere?
- 17 Why is it called a green house?
- 18 What are the effects of CO2?
- 19 Why CO2 is a gas?
- 20 Why does CO2 cause global warming?
- 21 Why is excessive use of CFCs a cause of concern?
- 22 What CFC emissions?
- 23 How do CFCs get into the atmosphere?
- 24 What chemicals cause ozone loss apes?
- 25 Why are sulfates considered secondary pollutants?
- 26 What creates tropospheric ozone?
- 27 What is R600a refrigerant?
- 28 Are CFCs reactive?
- 29 Is CFC used in AC?
- 30 Is chlorine a CFC?
- 31 Is CFC banned in India?
- 32 Does AC still use CFC?
- 33 What is CFC in global warming?
- 34 Is nitrogen a greenhouse gas?
- 35 Is methane a greenhouse gas?
- 36 Which gas is caused acid rain?
- 37 Which of the following pollutant causes acid rain?
- 38 What is the acidity of acid rain?
- 39 Does acid rain occur naturally?
- 40 Which is not caused by acid rain?
- 41 Do CFCs absorb IR radiation?
- 42 Which element in the CFC molecule causes the most damage?
- 43 Is a greenhouse gas?
- 44 Is Helium a greenhouse gas?
- 45 Which two countries produce the most CO2?
- 46 Why solid CO2 is known as dry ice?
- 47 Who discovered oxygen?
- 48 What is dry ice why it is so called?
- 49 Which gas is the main pollutant responsible for global warming?
- 50 What are the 3 main causes of global warming?
- 51 What are the 5 main causes of global warming?
- 52 Why CO2 is a pollutant?
- 53 Does c02 rise or fall?
- 54 Can CO2 be considered as an air pollutant?
What are the effects of CFCs?
Chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs), hydrochlorofluorocarbons (HCFCs) and halons destroy the earth’s protective ozone layer, which shields the earth from harmful ultraviolet (UV-B) rays generated from the sun. CFCs and HCFCs also warm the lower atmosphere of the earth, changing global climate.
What are the uses of CFCs?
Chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs) are nontoxic, nonflammable chemicals containing atoms of carbon, chlorine, and fluorine. They are used in the manufacture of aerosol sprays, blowing agents for foams and packing materials, as solvents, and as refrigerants.
How does CFC cause ozone depletion?
Gaseous CFCs can deplete the ozone layer when they slowly rise into the stratosphere, are broken down by strong ultraviolet radiation, release chlorine atoms, and then react with ozone molecules.
Does depletion of ozone layer cause acid rain?
Answer and Explanation: Acid rain does not directly affect the ozone layer. Acid rain occurs when sulphur dioxide, or nitrogen oxide, molecules are at high concentrations…
Is carbon dioxide a greenhouse gas?
Carbon dioxide (CO2) is the primary greenhouse gas emitted through human activities. In 2020, CO2 accounted for about 79% of all U.S. greenhouse gas emissions from human activities.
How does CFC affect the environment?
Molina discovered that chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs) could deplete Earth’s atmospheric ozone layer, which blocks the sun’s damaging ultraviolet rays. When the scientists reported their findings in 1974, CFCs were widely used as refrigerant gases and as propellants in aerosol sprays.
What are the sources and effects of CFCs?
The most common source of CFCs are refrigerants, but fire suppression systems for aircraft and aerosols also emit CFCs into the atmosphere.
What’s a CFC?
CFCs are gases that are used in things such as aerosols and refrigerators and can cause damage to the ozone layer. CFC is an abbreviation for ‘chlorofluorocarbon. ‘
How do CFCs affect ozone production quizlet?
How do CFCs affect ozone production? They cause ozone depletion.
Is CFC gas flammable?
CFCs are non-toxic, non-flammable and very stable, which makes them ideal for use in appliances in private households. However, it is their stability that creates environmental problems today. Ozone molecules form a layer in the stratosphere, 10 to 50 km above the Earth.
Why were CFCs created?
“The burden is on society to accept the risks of existing technology,” Krimsky said. “It takes a lot of public pressure to get industry to make the change.” When Midgley invented CFCs, chemicals used to cool the refrigerator box were toxic or flammable when released to the air.
What are 3 causes of acid rain?
Human activities leading to chemical gas emissions such as sulfur and nitrogen are the primary contributors to acid rain. The activities include air pollution sources emitting sulfur and nitrogen gases like factories, power generation facilities, and automobiles.
Why CFCs are used in refrigerators?
These compounds are non-flammable, tasteless and odourless, and chemically stable. Their other important property is their volatility, having boiling points close to zero degrees Centigrade. These physical properties make them ideal for use as refrigerant gases in air conditioners, freezers and refrigerators.
Where does acid rain occur?
It was not until the late 1960s and early 1970s, however, that acid rain was recognized as a regional environmental issue affecting large areas of western Europe and eastern North America. Acid rain also occurs in Asia and parts of Africa, South America, and Australia.
What is the main cause of acid rain?
Acid rain is caused by a chemical reaction that begins when compounds like sulfur dioxide and nitrogen oxides are released into the air. These substances can rise very high into the atmosphere, where they mix and react with water, oxygen, and other chemicals to form more acidic pollutants, known as acid rain.
Why are CFCs not decomposed by UV radiation in the troposphere?
Because they are extremely stable molecules, CFCs do not react easily with other chemicals in the lower atmosphere. One of the few forces that can break up CFC molecules is ultraviolet radiation. In the lower atmosphere, CFCs are protected from ultraviolet radiation by the ozone layer itself.
Why is it called a green house?
They get their name from greenhouses. A greenhouse is full of windows that let in sunlight. That sunlight creates warmth. The big trick of a greenhouse is that it doesn’t let that warmth escape.
What are the effects of CO2?
Exposure to CO2 can produce a variety of health effects. These may include headaches, dizziness, restlessness, a tingling or pins or needles feeling, difficulty breathing, sweating, tiredness, increased heart rate, elevated blood pressure, coma, asphyxia, and convulsions.
Why CO2 is a gas?
Carbon Dioxide (CO2) is a gas with a molecular structure composed of two oxygen atoms and one carbon atom. It is an important greenhouse gas because of its ability to absorb infrared wavelengths. Carbon dioxide is a chemical compound that is found in Earth’s atmosphere as a gas.
Why does CO2 cause global warming?
It absorbs less heat per molecule than the greenhouse gases methane or nitrous oxide, but it’s more abundant, and it stays in the atmosphere much longer. Increases in atmospheric carbon dioxide are responsible for about two-thirds of the total energy imbalance that is causing Earth’s temperature to rise.
Why is excessive use of CFCs a cause of concern?
When CFCs reach upper layers of the atmosphere they cause depletion of ozone layer and allow harmful UV radiations to reach the surface of the earth to create health hazards.
What CFC emissions?
Chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs) are anthropogenic compounds that have been released into the atmosphere since the 1930s in various applications such as in air-conditioning, refrigeration, blowing agents in foams, insulations and packing materials, propellants in aerosol cans, and as solvents.
How do CFCs get into the atmosphere?
How Chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs) get to the Stratosphere when they are heavier than air. CFCs reach the stratosphere because the Earth’s atmosphere is always in motion and mixes the chemicals added into it. CFC molecules are indeed several times heavier than air.
What chemicals cause ozone loss apes?
Artificially and human produced chemicals such as halons and CFCs are responsible for the thinning of the ozone layer. These ozone-depleting chemicals (ODCs) are dispersed through the atmosphere and react with UV rays to produce chlorine and bromide atoms.
Why are sulfates considered secondary pollutants?
Sulfate particles are sub-micron sized, sulfur-containing airborne particles. Most sulfate is a secondary pollutant, formed by the oxidation in the atmosphere of sulfur dioxide gas. Sulfur dioxide is emitted largely in fossil fuel combustion , particularly from power plants burning coal .
What creates tropospheric ozone?
Tropospheric, or ground level ozone, is not emitted directly into the air, but is created by chemical reactions between oxides of nitrogen (NOx) and volatile organic compounds (VOC).
What is R600a refrigerant?
R600a is an HFC-free refrigerant with no ozone depletion potential and a lower global warming potential compared to earlier refrigerants. By January 2022, all household refrigerators (except for larger built-in refrigerators and freezers) will be required by regulations to use lower global warming refrigerants.
Are CFCs reactive?
CFCs are stable. This may be great in an appliance like a refrigerator, but this is disastrous for CFCs that find their way up into the atmosphere. CFCs do not react easily with other chemicals in the lower atmosphere (troposphere). But UV light can break up a CFC, making it highly reactive.
Is CFC used in AC?
Chlorofluorocarbon (CFC) is a synthetic substance used in the refrigeration cycle of air conditioning and refrigeration equipment.
Is chlorine a CFC?
chlorofluorocarbon (CFC), any of several organic compounds composed of carbon, fluorine, and chlorine. When CFCs also contain hydrogen in place of one or more chlorines, they are called hydrochlorofluorocarbons, or HCFCs. CFCs are also called Freons, a trademark of the E.I.
Is CFC banned in India?
Under the Montreal Protocol, to which India became a signatory in 1992, CFCs have to phased out in India and the developing world by 2010 and there are indications this deadline will be advanced by 4 years. Of all the substances banned by the Montreal Protocol, India currently produces and uses only seven.
Does AC still use CFC?
CFC Refrigerants
Their production was stopped since 1995 but are still being used widely in existing residential air conditioning units as many equipment have a lifetime of up to 30 years. Today’s refrigerants used are from reclaimed units that are no longer in operation.
What is CFC in global warming?
Continued and increased use of chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs) would have contributed to global air temperatures rising by an additional 2.5°C by the end of this century, the international team of scientists found. Part of that would have been caused directly by CFCs, which are also potent greenhouse gases.
Is nitrogen a greenhouse gas?
Neither nitric oxide nor nitrogen dioxide are greenhouse gases, although they are important in the process of creation of tropospheric ozone which is a greenhouse gas.
Is methane a greenhouse gas?
Methane is also a greenhouse gas (GHG), so its presence in the atmosphere affects the earth’s temperature and climate system. Methane is emitted from a variety of anthropogenic (human-influenced) and natural sources.
Which gas is caused acid rain?
Acid rain results when sulfur dioxide (SO2) and nitrogen oxides (NOX) are emitted into the atmosphere and transported by wind and air currents. The SO2 and NOX react with water, oxygen and other chemicals to form sulfuric and nitric acids. These then mix with water and other materials before falling to the ground.
Which of the following pollutant causes acid rain?
The correct answer is Nitrogen oxide and Sulphur dioxide. Acid rain is also known as acid precipitation or acid deposition. It is primarily caused by nitrogen oxide and sulphur dioxide.
What is the acidity of acid rain?
Normal, clean rain has a pH value of between 5.0 and 5.5, which is slightly acidic. However, when rain combines with sulfur dioxide or nitrogen oxides—produced from power plants and automobiles—the rain becomes much more acidic. Typical acid rain has a pH value of 4.0.
Does acid rain occur naturally?
Acidic precipitation can be caused by natural (volcanoes) and man-made activities, such as from cars and in the generation of electricity.
Which is not caused by acid rain?
Burning of fossil fuels. Bacterial decomposition of organic matter. Internal combustion engines.
Do CFCs absorb IR radiation?
They include chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs), which are man-made gases commonly used in refrigerators and air conditioners. Concentrations of CFC gases in the atmosphere are the highest of any of the halocarbons, and they can absorb more infrared radiation than any other greenhouse gas.
Which element in the CFC molecule causes the most damage?
- Origin of CFCs. CFCs were developed as a safe alternative to the toxic gases ammonia, methyl chloride and and sulfur dioxide that were used as refrigerants in the early 1900s. …
- Stratospheric Chlorine. …
- Catalytic Reactions. …
- Polar Vortices.
Is a greenhouse gas?
Greenhouse gases include carbon dioxide, methane, nitrous oxides, and water vapor. (Water vapor, which responds physically or chemically to changes in temperature, is called a “feedback.”) Scientists have determined that carbon dioxide’s warming effect helps stabilize Earth’s atmosphere.
Is Helium a greenhouse gas?
Helium is not a greenhouse gas.
Greenhouse gases must be able to change their vibrational state in order to absorb infrared radiation or heat.
Which two countries produce the most CO2?
- China. China is the largest emitter of carbon dioxide gas in the world, with 9.9 billion metric tons in 2019, the year for which the most recent data is available. …
- The United States. …
- India. …
- The Russian Federation. …
- Japan.
Why solid CO2 is known as dry ice?
Dry Ice is the common name for solid carbon dioxide (CO2). It gets this name because it does not melt into a liquid when heated; instead, it changes directly into a gas (a process known as sublimation).
Who discovered oxygen?
What is dry ice why it is so called?
Dry ice is the solid form of carbon dioxide (CO2). It’s called “dry ice” because it does not melt like wet ice. Instead, dry ice converts into carbon dioxide gas.
Which gas is the main pollutant responsible for global warming?
Carbon dioxide (CO2) is the primary greenhouse gas emitted through human activities.
What are the 3 main causes of global warming?
- Burning fossil fuels. …
- Deforestation & Tree-Clearing.
What are the 5 main causes of global warming?
- Heat-trapping Greenhouse Gases And The Earth’s Climate. …
- Greenhouse Gases. …
- Reflectivity or Absorption of the Sun’s Energy. …
- Changes in the Earth’s Orbit and Rotation. …
- Variations in Solar Activity. …
- Changes in the Earth’s Reflectivity. …
- Volcanic Activity.
Why CO2 is a pollutant?
The EPA’s finding doesn’t say carbon dioxide, or CO2, is by itself a pollutant — it is, after all, a gas that humans exhale and plants inhale. Rather, it is the increasing concentrations of the gas that concern the agency.
Does c02 rise or fall?
Q: How does CO2 get high up into the atmosphere? With a specific gravity of about 1.5, it should fall to the earth as it cools when rising.
Can CO2 be considered as an air pollutant?
In one of the most important decisions in environmental law, the US Supreme Court has ruled that carbon dioxide (CO2) is a pollutant and that the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) has the right to regulate CO2 emissions from new cars.