During the First World War the German government made extensive use of submarines, initially against warships and then, as the war progressed, most heavily against merchant shipping.
- 1 What was the submarine used for in ww1?
- 2 Did US have submarines in ww1?
- 3 When did they use submarines in ww1?
- 4 Did they use gas in ww1?
- 5 What was the drawbacks of submarines in ww1?
- 6 What are machine guns in ww1?
- 7 How many submarines did us have in ww1?
- 8 What was the worst gas used in ww1?
- 9 Why was gas banned ww1?
- 10 Did they have submarines in 1916?
- 11 Did they have machine guns in ww1?
- 12 Who invented the submarine in ww1?
- 13 Who won World war 1?
- 14 When was the first U-boat used in ww1?
- 15 How were trenches used in ww1?
- 16 What was the most used machine gun in ww1?
- 17 How much did a machine gun cost in ww1?
- 18 Who invented poison gas ww1?
- 19 Which countries used submarines in ww1?
- 20 Was poison gas used in ww2?
- 21 What were the most common weapons in ww1?
- 22 What is a flamethrower ww1?
- 23 Is mustard gas illegal in war?
- 24 Is napalm a war crime?
- 25 How many submarines did Japan have in ww1?
- 26 What was the AEF during ww1?
- 27 How did ww1 end?
- 28 Why was the machine gun so important in ww1?
- 29 Why were machine guns effective in ww1?
- 30 How was Archduke Franz Ferdinand assassinated?
- 31 How many soldiers died in WWI?
- 32 Why were machine guns useful in ww1?
- 33 How did Britain use submarines in ww1?
- 34 Is the submarine still used today?
- 35 Were U-boats used in ww2?
- 36 How many German submariners died in ww2?
- 37 When did submarines get invented?
- 38 What was no man’s land in ww1?
- 39 Why weren’t there trenches in ww2?
- 40 What happened to the dead bodies in the trenches ww1?
- 41 What is a Spandau gun?
- 42 Did the British use flamethrowers in ww1?
- 43 Did Americans use machine guns in WWI?
- 44 How much is an MP40 cost?
- 45 How far could WW1 rifles shoot?
- 46 What rifles used in WW1?
- 47 What did the submarine do in ww1?
- 48 How did submarines in ww1 work?
- 49 Did they use gas in ww1?
- 50 Can you survive mustard gas?
- 51 What happens to a soldier after breathing in chlorine gas?
- 52 What does mustard gas do?
- 53 What was the deadliest gas in ww1?
- 54 What are machine guns in ww1?
What was the submarine used for in ww1?
Submarines first became a major factor in naval warfare during World War I (1914–18), when Germany employed them to destroy surface merchant vessels. In such attacks submarines used their primary weapon, a self-propelled underwater missile known as a torpedo.
Did US have submarines in ww1?
The United States L-class submarines were a class of 11 submarines built 1914–1917, and were the United States Navy’s first attempt at designing and building ocean-going submarines.
When did they use submarines in ww1?
On 17 March, German submarines sank three American merchant vessels, and the U.S. declared war on Germany in April 1917. Unrestricted submarine warfare in early 1917 was initially very successful, sinking a major part of Britain-bound shipping.
Did they use gas in ww1?
The most commonly used gas in WWI was ‘mustard gas’ [bis(2-chloroethyl) sulfide]. In pure liquid form this is colorless, but in WWI impure forms were used, which had a mustard color with an odor reminiscent of garlic or horseradish.
What was the drawbacks of submarines in ww1?
But diesel-electric submarines had two major weaknesses: when they were submerged they travelled quite slowly on battery power; and they needed to surface to allow the diesel engines to recharge the batteries.
What are machine guns in ww1?
By World War I, machine guns were fully automatic weapons that fired bullets rapidly, up to 450 to 600 rounds a minute. Hiram Maxim, an American inventor, delivered the first automatic, portable machine gun in 1884, providing the template for the weapon that devastated the British at the Somme.
How many submarines did us have in ww1?
Before the war, submarines were viewed as a novelty. Germany changed this perception. During the war, the U.S. Navy had 72 submarines in service.
What was the worst gas used in ww1?
With the Germans taking the lead, an extensive number of projectiles filled with deadly substances polluted the trenches of World War I. Mustard gas, introduced by the Germans in 1917, blistered the skin, eyes, and lungs, and killed thousands.
Why was gas banned ww1?
At the dawn of the 20th century, the world’s military powers worried that future wars would be decided by chemistry as much as artillery, so they signed a pact at the Hague Convention of 1899 to ban the use of poison-laden projectiles “the sole object of which is the diffusion of asphyxiating or deleterious gases.”
Did they have submarines in 1916?
The first success was the sinking of U-68 off Kerry, Ireland, on 22 March 1916 by the Q-ship Farnborough. Germany became aware of the depth charge following unsuccessful attacks on U-67 on 15 April 1916, and U-69 on 20 April. UC-19 and UB-29 were the only other submarines sunk by depth charges during 1916.
Did they have machine guns in ww1?
Machine-guns pre-dated the First World War by half a century and were in widespread use by 1914, but doubts about their role and effectiveness limited the use of machine-guns in most pre-war armies. Most early war machine-guns were heavy and relatively immobile, requiring a team of soldiers to use.
Who invented the submarine in ww1?
David Bushnell, an American inventor, began building underwater mines while a student at Yale University. Deciding that a submarine would be the best means of delivering his mines in warfare, he built an eight-foot-long wooden submersible that was christened the Turtle for its shape.
Who won World war 1?
Who won World War I? The Allies won World War I after four years of combat and the deaths of some 8.5 million soldiers as a result of battle wounds or disease. Read more about the Treaty of Versailles. In many ways, the peace treaty that ended World War I set the stage for World War II.
When was the first U-boat used in ww1?
The first German U-boat arrived in American waters in May 1918 and sank 13 ships—including six in a single day—in addition to laying mines in American ports and severing two telegraph cables on the seabed during its 12,000-mile patrol.
How were trenches used in ww1?
During World War I, trench warfare was a defensive military tactic used extensively by both sides, allowing soldiers some protection from enemy fire but also hindering troops from readily advancing and thus prolonging the war. Trench warfare was the major combat tactic in France and Belgium.
What was the most used machine gun in ww1?
When we think of the First World War the weapon that often comes to mind first is the water-cooled Maxim machine gun. The Maxim gun came to dominate the battlefield, rapidly halting the war of movement in 1914 seeing the beginning of a stalemate that would last four bloody years.
How much did a machine gun cost in ww1?
M1919A4 Machine Gun: $579 (1945)
Browning-designed M1917, the standard US machine gun of World War I. It was in use during World War II, the Korean War, and even up to the Vietnam War as an infantry company light machine gun.
Who invented poison gas ww1?
Although he received the Nobel Prize in Chemistry for the synthesis of ammonia, Haber was controversial for his role in developing Germany’s poison-gas program during World War I. Fritz Haber’s synthesis of ammonia from its elements, hydrogen and nitrogen, earned him the 1918 Nobel Prize in Chemistry.
Which countries used submarines in ww1?
Submarines played a significant military role for the first time during the First World War. Both the British and German navies made use of their submarines against enemy warships from the outset. Franz Becker commanded German submarines – known as U-boats – from 1915. He recalled an encounter with a British ship.
Was poison gas used in ww2?
Poison gasses were used during World War II in Nazi concentration camps and in Asia, although chemical weapons were not used on European battlefields. The Cold War period saw significant development, manufacture and stockpiling of chemical weapons.
What were the most common weapons in ww1?
Rifles were by far the most commonly used weapon of the war. The standard British rifle was the Short Magazine Lee Enfield Rifle Mk III.
What is a flamethrower ww1?
The German flamethrower – or flammenwerfer – was capable of firing a jet of flame out to a distance of 20 yards (18 meters) and was designed to be carried and operated by a single soldier.
Is mustard gas illegal in war?
The use of toxic gases or other chemicals, including mustard gas, during warfare is known as chemical warfare, and this kind of warfare was prohibited by the Geneva Protocol of 1925, and also by the later Chemical Weapons Convention of 1993.
Is napalm a war crime?
International law does not specifically prohibit the use of napalm or other incendiaries against military targets, but use against civilian populations was banned by the UN Convention on Certain Conventional Weapons (CCW) in 1980.
How many submarines did Japan have in ww1?
Japan started the war with 63 ocean-going submarines (i.e., not including midgets), and completed 111 during the war, for a total of 174. However, three-quarters of these (128 boats) were lost during the conflict, a proportion of loss similar that experienced by Germany’s U-Boats.
What was the AEF during ww1?
The American Expeditionary Forces (AEF), commanded by General John Pershing, were the armed forces that the United States sent to Europe during World War I. Because the American troops needed training, very few made it over to Europe before 1918.
How did ww1 end?
In 1918, the infusion of American troops and resources into the western front finally tipped the scale in the Allies’ favor. Germany signed an armistice agreement with the Allies on November 11, 1918. World War I was known as the “war to end all wars” because of the great slaughter and destruction it caused.
Why was the machine gun so important in ww1?
The defensive power of the machine gun created the stalemate on the Western Front, and almost all of the technologies that were introduced during the war were built in order to defeat it. The introduction of this weapon radically changed the strategies and tactics used by militaries in the future.
Why were machine guns effective in ww1?
At ranges of 600 meters or less, machine guns could create fixed lines of fire which would never rise higher than a man’s head, with deadly results for those attempting to advance across them. Or the gun could be traversed between bursts to offer what the French called feu fauchant (mowing fire).
How was Archduke Franz Ferdinand assassinated?
How many soldiers died in WWI?
The total number of military and civilian casualties in World War I, was around 40 million. There were 20 million deaths and 21 million wounded. The total number of deaths includes 9.7 million military personnel and about 10 million civilians.
Why were machine guns useful in ww1?
In the course of these four long years, one of the most iconic weapons of World War I was responsible for a massive amount of these statistics. The machine gun revolutionized combat efforts and quickly drove out nations with their horse-drawn carriages into submission.
How did Britain use submarines in ww1?
Although British submarines formed a very small part of the Royal Navy overall, Britain possessed the world’s largest submarine service and they were among the first vessel put to sea when war broke out in 1914. Under the terms of the armistice signed by Germany, it was required to surrender its submarines to Britain.
Is the submarine still used today?
The U.S. currently operates three classes of fast attack submarine: the Los Angeles, Seawolf, and Virginia classes. There are 34 Los Angeles-class submarines on active duty and 28 retired, making it the most numerous nuclear-powered submarine class in the world.
Were U-boats used in ww2?
In World War II Germany built 1,162 U-boats, of which 785 were destroyed and the remainder surrendered (or were scuttled to avoid surrender) at the capitulation. Of the 632 U-boats sunk at sea, Allied surface ships and shore-based aircraft accounted for the great majority (246 and 245 respectively).
How many German submariners died in ww2?
Their toll of enemy shipping was 2,603 merchant ships of over 13½ million tons, and 175 naval vessels of all types. In terms of human lives, 28,000 German U-boat crew of the total 40,900 men recruited into the service lost their lives and 5,000 were taken prisoners of war.
When did submarines get invented?
1. Drebbel: 1620-1624. British mathematician William Bourne made some of the earliest known plans for a submarine around 1578, but the world’s first working prototype was built in the 17th century by Cornelius Drebbel, a Dutch polymath and inventor in the employ of the British King James I.
What was no man’s land in ww1?
the narrow, muddy, treeless stretch of land, characterized by numerous shell holes, that separated German and Allied trenches during the First World War. Being in No Man’s Land was considered very dangerous since it offered little or no protection for soldiers.
Why weren’t there trenches in ww2?
Just to add to this great answer, the biggest reason that trenches didn’t become parts of static front lines is largely to how far technology had advanced from WWI to WWII.
What happened to the dead bodies in the trenches ww1?
Many men killed in the trenches were buried almost where they fell. If a trench subsided, or new trenches or dugouts were needed, large numbers of decomposing bodies would be found just below the surface. These corpses, as well as the food scraps that littered the trenches, attracted rats.
What is a Spandau gun?
noun. (also Spandau machine-gun) Military. Any of various German machine-guns originally developed at Spandau; specifically the MG08, used during the First World War (1914–18), and the MG34 and MG42 of the Second World War (1939–45).
Did the British use flamethrowers in ww1?
The British army experimented with flamethrowers but, with the notable exception of a handful of huge, static flame projectors, did not adopt them. However, in the 1918 raid on Zeebrugge harbour, both fixed and portable flamethrowers were employed by the Royal Navy.
Did Americans use machine guns in WWI?
The M1917 Browning machine gun is a heavy machine gun used by the United States armed forces in World War I, World War II, the Korean War, and the Vietnam War; it has also been used by other nations.
How much is an MP40 cost?
German MP40 Sub Machine Gun $40,250. Greener 310 Cadet $11,000. Holland and Holland Royal Double $11,000.
How far could WW1 rifles shoot?
In the battlefield conditions of WW1 this meant an average of 500 rounds a minute with a range of over 3,000 yards or 2,743m. Compare this to the best riflemen and their bolt action, single fire weapons, which at best could attain 15 rounds per minute with a range of just over 1,500 yards or 1,400m.
What rifles used in WW1?
The rifles most commonly used by the major combatants were, among the Allies, the Lee-Enfield . 303 (Britain and Commonwealth), Lebel and Berthier 8mm (France), Mannlicher–Carcano M1891, 6.5mm (Italy), Mosin–Nagant M1891 7.62 (Russia), and Springfield 1903 . 30–06 (USA).
What did the submarine do in ww1?
Germany retaliated by using its submarines to destroy neutral ships that were supplying the Allies. The formidable U-boats (unterseeboots) prowled the Atlantic armed with torpedoes. They were Germany’s only weapon of advantage as Britain effectively blocked German ports to supplies.
How did submarines in ww1 work?
The U-boat provided tremendous stealth. They would remain submerged until finding a target. Then it would surface, advise the crew to abandon ship, then bring it down with deck guns or send a boarding party to do the job with explosives. Torpedoes were expensive, and so used only when absolutely necessary.
Did they use gas in ww1?
The most commonly used gas in WWI was ‘mustard gas’ [bis(2-chloroethyl) sulfide]. In pure liquid form this is colorless, but in WWI impure forms were used, which had a mustard color with an odor reminiscent of garlic or horseradish.
Can you survive mustard gas?
Exposure to mustard gas is usually not lethal and most victims recover from their symptoms within several weeks. Some, however, remain permanently disfigured as a result of chemical burns or are rendered permanently blind. Others develop chronic respiratory diseases or infections, which can be fatal.
What happens to a soldier after breathing in chlorine gas?
Chlorine gas destroyed the respiratory organs of its victims and this led to a slow death by asphyxiation. One nurse described the death of one soldier who had been in the trenches during a chlorine gas attack.
What does mustard gas do?
* Mustard Gas can cause severe skin burns and blisters. * Breathing Mustard Gas can irritate the lungs causing coughing and/or shortness of breath. Higher exposures can cause a build-up of fluid in the lungs (pulmonary edema), a medical emergency, with severe shortness of breath.
What was the deadliest gas in ww1?
Phosgene was responsible for 85% of chemical-weapons fatalities during World War I. Mustard gas, a potent blistering agent, was dubbed King of the Battle Gases. Like phosgene, its effects are not immediate. It has a potent smell; some say it reeks of garlic, gasoline, rubber, or dead horses.
What are machine guns in ww1?
By World War I, machine guns were fully automatic weapons that fired bullets rapidly, up to 450 to 600 rounds a minute. Hiram Maxim, an American inventor, delivered the first automatic, portable machine gun in 1884, providing the template for the weapon that devastated the British at the Somme.